Prime Minister of India in Kannada for UPSC | ಭಾರತದ ಪ್ರಧಾನ ಮಂತ್ರಿ

First Reading of an Ordinary Bill:

An ordinary bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament by a minister or any other member. The member must seek permission (leave) from the House to introduce the bill. Once granted, the bill is introduced by reading its title and objectives, without any discussion. The bill is then published in the Gazette of India. If already published before introduction, permission from the House is not needed. These steps mark the first reading of the bill.

Second Reading of an Ordinary Bill:

This is the most crucial stage in the enactment process, where the bill undergoes general and detailed scrutiny, divided into three sub-stages:

1. Stage of General Discussion:

   • Printed copies of the bill are distributed to members.
   • Principles and provisions are discussed, but not in detail.
   • The House may:
     • Consider the bill immediately or on a later date.
     • Refer it to a select committee or a joint committee.
     • Circulate it for public opinion.

2. Committee Stage:

   • The bill, usually referred to a select committee, is examined thoroughly, clause by clause.
   • Amendments may be made without altering its principles.
   • The committee reports the bill back to the House.

3. Consideration Stage:

• The House debates and votes on each clause separately.
• Amendments, if proposed and accepted, are incorporated into the bill.

Third Reading of an Ordinary Bill:

This stage focuses on the acceptance or rejection of the bill in its entirety, with no amendments allowed, as its principles were already reviewed during the second reading. If the majority of members present and voting approve, the bill is considered passed by the House. The presiding officer authenticates it, and it is sent to the second House for consideration. A bill is considered passed by Parliament only when both Houses agree, with or without amendments.

Bill in the Second House:

The second House also considers the bill through first, second, and third readings. It has four options:

1. Pass the bill as received from the first House (without amendments).
2. Pass it with amendments and return it to the first House for reconsideration.
3. Reject the bill entirely.
4. Take no action, keeping the bill pending.

If the second House passes the bill unchanged, or the first House agrees to its amendments, the bill is deemed passed and sent to the President for assent.

In cases of deadlock—when the two Houses disagree or the second House remains inactive for six months—a joint sitting is convened by the President. The bill is deemed passed if the majority of members present and voting at the joint sitting approve it.

Assent of the President:

Once a bill is passed by both Houses of Parliament, either singly or through a joint sitting, it is presented to the President, who has three options:

1. Assent to the Bill: The bill becomes an act and is placed on the Statute Book.
2. Withhold Assent: The bill ends and does not become an act.
3. Return for Reconsideration: If the bill is passed again by both Houses (with or without amendments) and resubmitted, the President must give assent.

This gives the President a "suspensive veto," as they can delay but not ultimately reject a bill approved by Parliament.

Go to Link